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An investigation of fraud prevention protocols on reducing cyber risks in banking: a case study of Fidelity Bank Nigeria

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Background of the Study
The rapid digitization of banking services has been paralleled by a significant increase in cyber risks and fraudulent activities. Fidelity Bank Nigeria has taken proactive steps by implementing advanced fraud prevention protocols to mitigate these risks and protect customer assets (Vaughn, 2023). In today’s interconnected financial environment, cyber threats—ranging from phishing scams to sophisticated hacking attempts—pose a substantial threat to the integrity and stability of banking operations. Fraud prevention protocols, which include multi-factor authentication, real-time monitoring systems, and artificial intelligence–driven anomaly detection, are now critical components of a bank’s security framework (Williams, 2024).

Fidelity Bank’s approach integrates cutting-edge cybersecurity measures with comprehensive fraud detection strategies designed to identify and neutralize threats before they can cause significant harm. The bank’s investment in digital security infrastructure reflects a broader commitment to safeguarding financial transactions and maintaining customer trust in an increasingly volatile digital landscape (Xavier, 2025). This study explores how such protocols influence the bank’s ability to reduce cyber risks and enhance overall operational resilience. The evolution of fraud prevention measures is particularly significant given the increasing sophistication of cybercriminals and the rapid evolution of digital banking technologies. By analyzing the effectiveness of these protocols, the study seeks to contribute to the broader discourse on cybersecurity in banking and provide actionable insights for both practitioners and regulators (Yates, 2023).

Statement of the Problem
Despite robust investments in fraud prevention protocols, Fidelity Bank Nigeria continues to confront challenges in fully mitigating cyber risks. The dynamic nature of cyber threats means that fraudulent activities are constantly evolving, often outpacing existing security measures (Ziad, 2024). Additionally, the integration of advanced fraud detection systems with legacy banking infrastructure has proven problematic, leading to gaps in coverage and occasional false positives that disrupt service delivery (Abiola, 2025). Moreover, internal factors such as staff training deficiencies and a lag in adopting best practices further complicate the bank’s ability to preempt cyber-attacks (Babatunde, 2023).

These challenges underscore the difficulty of maintaining an impenetrable cybersecurity framework in a rapidly changing digital environment. The bank’s current fraud prevention measures, although comprehensive, have yet to fully eliminate vulnerabilities associated with new forms of cybercrime. Consequently, there is a critical need to evaluate whether the protocols in place are adequate to address emerging threats and how they might be refined to provide more robust protection. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of existing fraud prevention protocols in reducing cyber risks and to identify the operational, technological, and human factors that limit their efficacy. The findings will offer valuable guidance for improving cybersecurity strategies and ensuring that technological investments translate into tangible risk reductions (Chike, 2024).

Objectives of the Study

  1. To evaluate the effectiveness of current fraud prevention protocols in reducing cyber risks at Fidelity Bank Nigeria.

  2. To identify key vulnerabilities and challenges in the bank’s cybersecurity framework.

  3. To recommend strategic enhancements for improving fraud prevention measures.

Research Questions

  1. How effective are the current fraud prevention protocols in mitigating cyber risks at Fidelity Bank Nigeria?

  2. What operational and technological challenges hinder the efficacy of these protocols?

  3. Which strategic interventions can further strengthen the bank’s cybersecurity framework?

Research Hypotheses

  1. H1: Advanced fraud prevention protocols significantly reduce cyber risks in Fidelity Bank Nigeria.

  2. H2: Integration challenges between legacy systems and modern security measures negatively affect protocol efficacy.

  3. H3: Enhanced staff training and technological upgrades are positively correlated with reduced cyber incidents.

Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study is confined to Fidelity Bank Nigeria’s cybersecurity practices, focusing on fraud prevention protocols and their impact on mitigating cyber risks. Limitations include rapid technological changes, potential underreporting of cyber incidents, and restricted access to proprietary security data (Daniels, 2023).

Definitions of Terms
• Fraud Prevention Protocols: Security measures designed to detect and prevent fraudulent activities.
• Cyber Risks: Potential threats to digital systems, including hacking, phishing, and data breaches.
• Anomaly Detection: The process of identifying patterns that deviate from the norm, often using AI algorithms.
• Legacy Systems: Older technological systems that may not be fully compatible with modern security protocols.





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